About it writes propozitsiya.com with reference to NAAS .

The average daily air temperatures were 2.5-11.0 ° C higher than normal and ranged from 5 ° C of frost to 7 ° C of heat. 

Precipitation of varying intensity in the form of rain, sleet and snow was observed almost throughout the country. The precipitation that has passed has significantly improved the state of soil moisture under winter crops, especially in the southern regions, where so far there have been low reserves of productive moisture in both arable and meter layers of soil.

According to Ukrhydrometeocenter in January in some areas of Odessa and Mykolayiv region. the maximum daily precipitation for the observation period was exceeded by 1-19 mm.

The minimum soil temperature at the depth of the tillering site of winter crops (3 cm) in the coldest nights decreased: in Kirovohrad region - up to 9 ° C, in Kharkiv - up to 8 ° C, in Lviv - up to 3 ° C, in Kyiv - up to 2 , 5 ° С, in Kherson - up to 1 ° С of frost, which are much higher than the critical freezing temperatures. The estimated critical freezing temperature is: for winter wheat in the phase of "seedling formation - 3rd leaf" - 11-13 ° C, in the phase of "tillering" - 13-17 ° C, winter rye - 15-17 ° 0C, barley and winter rape - 10-14 ° C frost. 

During the last month, winter crops are in a state of dormancy. Conditions for overwintering winter crops were favorable. However, due to the increase in temperature in the southern regions, there was some recovery of vegetation, which led to the consumption of sugars in the nodes of tillering, which in turn reduces frost and winter hardiness of plants and threatens the successful overwintering of crops. 

Thus, according to the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian region NAAS (Lviv region) the content of soluble carbohydrates in the nodes of winter wheat tillering optimal sowing period (22.09) as of February 2 was 16.5‒16.7%, in the leaves - 19.5 ‒19.7%, which is a low indicator and indicates their significant costs; Institute of Irrigated Agriculture NAAS (Kherson region) as of January 25, the sugar content in the nodes of winter wheat tillering, depending on the timing of sowing and variety, was 34-44%, winter barley for the optimal sowing period - 38%, winter rape on irrigated - 29 %; NSC "Institute of Agriculture NAAS" (Kyiv region) sugar content, depending on the culture and variety, ranged from 15 to 26% on dry matter. According to the results of growing monoliths by scientists of the Institute of Plant Breeding named after V.Ya. 

According to the results of growing monoliths of winter crops, taken by scientists of the Institute of Agriculture of the Steppe NAAS from the fields of the central part of Kirovohrad region on January 22, 2021, no significant deaths and damages of winter wheat plants were detected during the overwintering period. In most samples, the plants grew in all samples. Only in winter barley, the liquefaction in the samples in the "tillering" phase did not exceed 5%. The current situation in the crops of winter cereals requires prompt and clear assessment of their condition by the end of overwintering, which will allow to carry out the necessary measures to care for them in a timely manner. 

The phytosanitary condition of winter grain crops is mostly good. However, at the time of the cessation of autumn vegetation on the leaf blades of winter barley, the development of helminthosporiosis was observed. The prevalence of murine rodents in this year's conditions is insignificant and does not exceed EPS.

©Пропозиція - Головний журнал з питань агробізнесу
https://propozitsiya.com/ua/opadi-znachno-pokrashchili-stan-zvolozhennya-gruntu-pid-ozimimi-kulturami-osoblivo-u-pivdennih